The agreement of forging “strategic partnership” between China and India in 2005 – the world’s two most populous countries and fastest growing economies – has profound implications for what constitutes the “rise of the rest”. The economic and cultural impact of ‘Chindia’ is creating an era of globalization with an Asian voice, a phenomenon that is likely to influence new thinking on international politics. The rise of China and India interests many scholars on the issues and theories of international politics and economics. For realists, China and India are both raising powers, and maintain different political systems and territorial disputes for decades. Both countries’ economies heavily depend on trade with developed nations forging an economic competition in global market. All these factors make cooperation difficult. In this article, I argue that although both countries have experienced different trajectories of growth in the past decades and represent two distinct political systems, they also demonstrate interesting similarities in both history and culture. Similar post-colonialism nationalism and ideology of both countries replace “balance of power” calculation in dealing with territorial disputes. Geo-economic interests receive increasingly consideration for nations while making their foreign policy. Different development of trade pattern makes two states benefit from economic cooperation. After both countries become nuclear power, the role of leaderships in two countries play significant influence on constructing the partnership. In a grand strategy, the forming of USA-India-China and Russia-India-China triangles makes both the United States and Russia be willing to maintain a good relationship with both China and India to reach the strategic equilibrium. All the factors makes the two countries reach a new historical phase of their modern development. The article would be useful to revisit the scholarly debate on development of state relations within the developing world.